邮件中常见的邮件头
| Header Name |
Description |
| From |
发件人 |
| To |
收件人 |
| Subject |
邮件主题 |
| Date |
邮件发送时间 |
| Received |
邮件接收记录 |
| Message-ID |
邮件 ID |
| CC |
抄送人 |
| BCC |
密送人 |
| Reply-To |
邮件回复 |
| In-Reply-To |
邮件回复 |
| References |
邮件引用 |
| MIME-Version |
MIME 版本 |
| Content-Type |
邮件类型 |
| DKIM-Signature |
DKIM 签名 |
| List-Unsubscribe |
退订 |
| List-Unsubscribe-Post |
退订 |
| Feedback-ID |
MP 反馈环 |
不那么常见：
| Header Name |
Description |
| Sender |
实际发件人（MailFrom 地址） |
| X-Priority |
邮件优先级（1=最高，3=普通，5=最低） |
| X-Mailer |
|
| Received-SPF |
SPF 验证结果（pass/fail/neutral） |
| Authentication-Results |
包含 SPF/DKIM/DMARC 综合验证结果 |
| X-Transport-TLS |
加密传输标识（如 TLSv1.3） |
| X-Spam-Score |
垃圾邮件评分（如 3.2/5.0） |
| X-Spam-Status |
垃圾邮件判定结果（Yes/No） |
| X-Report-Spam |
垃圾邮件举报链接 |
子段中的类型
Content-Transfer-Encoding 类型
- 7bit/8bit：ASCII 文本
- quoted-printable：非 ASCII 字符转码
- base64：二进制附件编码
Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-ID: text-body
Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-ID: html-body
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="big5"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Type: text/html; charset="big5"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
厂商邮件头
| Header Name |
Description |
| Precedence |
邮件类型标记（bulk=批量邮件，list=邮件列表） |
| Delivered-To |
实际递送地址（可能不同于 To 字段） |
| X-Google-Smtp-Source |
Gmail 内部路由标识符 |
| X-Received |
|
| ARC-Seal |
|
| ARC-Message-Signature |
|
| ARC-Authentication-Results |
|
| Return-Path |
|
| Received-SPF |
|
| Authentication-Results |
|
Delivered-To: xxx@gmail.com
Received: by 2002:a05:c01b:0:0:0:0:0 with SMTP id a3mr22455704pbc.2;
Fri, 17 Mar 2023 09:05:07 -0800 (PST)
X-Google-Smtp-Source: AGYAAAQZ0/+9gKwJgKYQyYKYQyYKYQyYKYQyYKYQyYKYQyYKYQyYY
X-Received: by 2002:a05:c01b:0:0:0:0:0 with SMTP id a3mr22455704pbc.2;
Fri, 17 Mar 2023 09:05:07 -0800 (PST)
ARC-Seal:
ARC-Message-Signature:
ARC-Authentication-Results:
Return-Path: <xxxx@bounce.xxx.com>
Received: from xxx.com (xxx.com [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx])
by mx.google.com with ESMTP id 1si15401pbc.2.2023.03.17.09.05.07
Received-SPF: neutral (google.com: xxx.com does not designate permitted sender hosts)
Authentication-Results: mx.google.com;
dkim=pass header.i=@xxx.com; ...
dkim=pass header.i=@xxx.com; ...
spf=pass (google.com: domain of xxx.com designates xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx as permitted sender)
dmarc=pass (p=NONE sp=NONE disposition=none)
。。。
| Header Name |
Description |
| X-SendCloud-UUID |
|
| X-SendCloud-LOG |
|
| X-SendCloud-NEW |
|
| X-Engagelab-UUID |
|
| X-Engagelab-LOG |
|
| X-Engagelab-NEW |
|
邮件头分析工具
典型应用场景
- 追踪邮件路由：分析
Received 头链
- 验证发件人真实性：检查
DKIM-Signature 和 Received-SPF
