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#3 Supabase Backend-as-a-Service 平台介绍

PostgreSQL Supabase 低代码 2026-08-09

Supabase 是一个以 PostgreSQL 为核心的开源 Backend-as-a-Service（BaaS）平台，定位类似 Firebase，但采用 PostgreSQL 作为核心数据库。它通过多个独立服务提供完整的 Backend 能力。

Frappe Framework 是一个基于 Python 的开源 Web 应用框架，定位于低代码业务平台，强调通过元数据驱动快速构建企业级系统。其核心抽象是 DocType（数据模型），开发者通过定义数据结构即可自动生成数据库表、表单界面、列表视图及基础 API，大幅降低 CRUD 类系统开发成本。框架内置权限控制、工作流引擎、报表系统和 REST 接口，支持多租户架构，适合 SaaS 化部署。

在 UI 层，Frappe 采用“后端驱动 + 自动生成”的模式，基于 DocType 自动生成标准后台界面（Form、List、Report 等），多数中后台场景无需手写前端代码。同时也提供分层扩展能力：通过 Client Script 实现表单交互与校验，通过 Custom Page 构建自定义页面，或在需要时完全接管前端，采用 Vue/React 等框架调用其 REST API，实现 Headless 架构。

后端方面，开发者可基于 Python 扩展业务逻辑（如 hooks、controller、scheduler），并通过模块化 App 机制进行功能解耦与复用。Frappe 提供完整的开发与运维工具链（如 Bench），支持插件化扩展，生态中典型应用包括 ERPNext 等。总体来看，Frappe 更接近一个“可编程业务平台”，适用于中后台系统、流程驱动型应用以及需要快速迭代的企业级场景。

授权协议：Frappe 框架是 MIT 协议，官方提供的应用都是 GPLv3 或者 AGPLv3 协议。

架构

依赖

后端
- Python 3.10+
  - Jinja2 模板
  - Werkzeug
- MariaDB / Postgres
- Redis 6
- Nginx
- cron
前端
- Node.js 16
- BootStrap
- jQuery

安装

sudo apt install -y git python-dev python-pip redis-server
sudo apt install -y mariadb-server mariadb-client
pip3 install frappe-bench
bench --version

➜ type bench
bench is /home/catroll/.python/bin/bench

➜ cat /home/catroll/.python/bin/bench
#!/home/catroll/.python/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys
from bench.cli import cli
if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
    sys.exit(cli())

➜ bench --help
WARN: Command not being executed in bench directory
Usage:  [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...

Options:
  --version
  --use-feature TEXT
  -v, --verbose
  --help              Show this message and exit.

Commands:
  app-cache                View or remove items belonging to bench...
  backup-all-sites         Backup all sites in current bench
  config                   Change bench configuration
  disable-production       Disables production environment for the bench.
  download-translations    Download latest translations
  drop
  exclude-app              Exclude app from updating
  find                     Finds benches recursively from location
  get                      Clone an app from the internet or filesystem...
  get-app                  Clone an app from the internet or filesystem...
  include-app              Include app for updating
  init                     Initialize a new bench instance in the...
  install                  Install system dependencies for setting up...
  migrate-env              Migrate Virtual Environment to desired Python...
  new-app                  Create a new Frappe application under apps folder
  pip                      For pip help use `bench pip help [COMMAND]` or...
  remote-reset-url         Reset app remote url to frappe official
  remote-set-url           Set app remote url
  remote-urls              Show apps remote url
  remove                   Completely remove app from bench and re-build...
  remove-app               Completely remove app from bench and re-build...
  renew-lets-encrypt       Sets Up latest cron and Renew Let's Encrypt...
  restart                  Restart supervisor processes or systemd units
  retry-upgrade            Retry a failed upgrade
  rm                       Completely remove app from bench and re-build...
  set-mariadb-host         Set MariaDB host for bench
  set-nginx-port           Set NGINX port for site
  set-redis-cache-host     Set Redis cache host for bench
  set-redis-queue-host     Set Redis queue host for bench
  set-redis-socketio-host  Set Redis socketio host for bench
  set-ssl-certificate      Set SSL certificate path for site
  set-ssl-key              Set SSL certificate private key path for site
  set-url-root             Set URL root for site
  setup                    Setup command group for enabling setting up a...
  src                      Prints bench source folder path, which can be...
  start                    Start Frappe development processes
  switch-to-branch         Switch all apps to specified branch, or...
  switch-to-develop        Switch frappe and erpnext to develop branch
  update                   Performs an update operation on current bench.
  validate-dependencies    Validates that all requirements specified in...

bench init

➜ sudo mkdir -p /opt/frappe
➜ sudo chown catroll:catroll /opt/frappe
➜ cd /opt/frappe

bench init helloworld --skip-redis-config-generation --version version-15 --frappe-path https://gitee.com/mirrors/frappe
# 通过 Git 克隆一个 Frappe 项目到本地，
# git clone https://gitee.com/mirrors/frappe --branch version-16 --depth 1 --origin upstream
# 创建 Python 虚拟环境并安装 Python 依赖，
# uv pip install --quiet --upgrade -e helloworld/apps/frappe --python helloworld/env/bin/python
# 然后使用 yarn 安装 Node 依赖，
# yarn install --check-files
# 还有就是编译多语言文件（MO 文件）。

# --skip-redis-config-generation
# 默认 Redis Server 在本地安装，会执行本地命令获取 Redis 版本号等操作。
# 跳过 Redis 配置，后面在 common-site-config 中手动配置。

# --version version-15
# 默认使用主干开发分支，我这里制定一个稳定版本。
# 而且 16/17 要求 Python 3.14 以上，而我本地安装的是 Python 3.12，懒得折腾。

# --frappe-path https://gitee.com/mirrors/frappe
# 使用国内镜像，稍微提提速。

cd helloworld
bench start

➜ tree -L 2
.
├── Procfile
├── apps
│   └── frappe
├── config
│   └── pids
├── env
│   ├── CACHEDIR.TAG
│   ├── bin
│   ├── lib
│   ├── lib64 -> lib
│   ├── pyvenv.cfg
│   └── share
├── logs
│   └── bench.log
├── patches.txt
└── sites
    ├── apps.json
    ├── apps.txt
    ├── assets
    └── common_site_config.json

13 directories, 8 files

默认生成的 helloworld/sites/common_site_config.json 文件：

{
    "background_workers": 1,
    "file_watcher_port": 6787,
    "frappe_user": "catroll",
    "gunicorn_workers": 41,
    "live_reload": true,
    "rebase_on_pull": false,
    "redis_cache": "redis://127.0.0.1:13000",
    "redis_queue": "redis://127.0.0.1:11000",
    "redis_socketio": "redis://127.0.0.1:13000",
    "restart_supervisor_on_update": false,
    "restart_systemd_on_update": false,
    "serve_default_site": true,
    "shallow_clone": true,
    "socketio_port": 9000,
    "use_redis_auth": false,
    "webserver_port": 8000
}

Frappe Products

Business Apps

ERPNext
Manage accounting, inventory, and operations
Frappe HR
Handle employees, attendance, payroll, and HR processes
Learning（在线课程 LMS）
Create, manage, and deliver structured online courses
Insights（BI）
Analyze data and create interactive dashboards and reports
CRM
Track leads, contacts, deals, and customer interactions
Helpdesk
Deliver customer support through tickets and workflows
Lending（金融借贷）
Manage loans, repayments, and borrower accounts

Developer Tools

Framework（低代码框架）
Build and customize full-stack web applications
Builder（可视化建站）
Create websites and pages visually without writing code

Productivity Tools

Gameplan（项目管理）
Plan work, share updates, and track progress across teams
Drive（类似 Google Drive 的文件系统）
Store, share, and collaborate on documents

Infrastructure

Cloud（官方 SaaS 平台）
The official Cloud platform for Frappe applications
Press（自建云平台）
Full service cloud hosting for the Frappe stack

Libraries

Bench（开发与运维工具）
Command-line tool for managing multi-tenant Frappe deployments
Datatable（表格库）
JavaScript library for building interactive data tables
Charts（图表库）
JavaScript library for creating interactive charts and visualizations
Gantt（甘特图库）
Gantt chart library for creating interactive project timelines

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