Linux 命令行
2021-12-15
Fedora 36 将采用 plocate 替代 mlocate 成为默认的查找索引,据说更快。
而且 Debian 也早采纳了 plocate。
安装
apt show plocate
# Package: plocate
# Version: 1.1.8-2
# Priority: optional
# Section: universe/utils
# Origin: Ubuntu
# Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
# Original-Maintainer: Steinar H. Gunderson <sesse@debian.org>
# Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
# Installed-Size: 510 kB
# Depends: libc6 (>= 2.33), libgcc-s1 (>= 3.3.1), libstdc++6 (>= 6), liburing1 (>= 0.7), libzstd1 (>= 1.4.0)
# Suggests: systemd-sysv | powermgmt-base, systemd-sysv | nocache
# Breaks: mlocate
# Replaces: mlocate
# Homepage: https://plocate.sesse.net/
# Task: xubuntu-desktop, ubuntu-budgie-desktop, ubuntu-budgie-desktop-raspi
# Download-Size: 119 kB
# APT-Manual-Installed: yes
# APT-Sources: https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu impish/universe amd64 Packages
# Description: much faster locate
# plocate is a locate(1) based on posting lists, giving much faster searches
# on a much smaller index. It is a drop-in replacement for mlocate in nearly
# all aspects, and is fast on SSDs and non-SSDs alike.
sudo apt install -y plocate
使用
根据 apt show 信息,plocate 会 break mlocate。
updatedb 命令会改由 plocate 提供。
ll /usr/bin/locate /usr/bin/updatedb /etc/alternatives/locate /etc/alternatives/updatedb
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 2021-12-15 11:51:56 /etc/alternatives/locate -> /usr/bin/plocate
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 2021-12-15 11:51:56 /etc/alternatives/updatedb -> /usr/sbin/updatedb.plocate
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 2021-12-15 11:51:56 /usr/bin/locate -> /etc/alternatives/locate
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 2021-12-15 11:51:56 /usr/bin/updatedb -> /etc/alternatives/updatedb
根据官网提供的演示数据,其 DB 只有 mlocate 的 40%,查询时间只有 mlocate 的万分之四。
其具体操作和 mlocate 类似:
sudo updatedb
locate go.mod
有没有 2500 倍的提升我不知道,但是感觉好像确实快。挺好!
参考资料与拓展阅读
Windows 命令行
2018-01-15
Active Directory
ADmodcmd
Active Directory Bulk Modify
CSVDE
Import or Export Active Directory data
DSACLs
Active Directory ACLs
DSAdd
Add items to active directory (user group computer)
DSGet
View items in active directory (user group computer)
DSQuery
Search for items in active directory (user group computer)
DSMod
Modify items in active directory (user group computer)
DSMove
Move an Active directory Object
DSRM
Remove items from Active Directory
Batch Files
CALL
Call one batch program from another 内部命令
CHOICE
Accept keyboard input to a batch file
CLIP
Copy STDIN to the Windows clipboard
CLS
Clear the screen 内部命令
CMD
Start a new CMD shell
COLOR
Change colors of the CMD window 内部命令
DOSKEY
Edit command line, recall commands, and create macros
ECHO
Display message on screen 内部命令
ENDLOCAL
End localisation of environment changes in a batch file 内部命令
EVENTCREATE
Add a message to the Windows event log
EXIT
Quit the current script/routine and set an errorlevel 内部命令
FOR /F
Loop command: against a set of files 内部命令
FOR /F
Loop command: against the results of another command 内部命令
FOR
Loop command: all options Files, Directory, List 内部命令
GOTO
Direct a batch program to jump to a labelled line 内部命令
IF
Conditionally perform a command 内部命令
IFMEMBER
Is the current user a member of a Workgroup
LOGTIME
Log the date and time in a file
MAPISEND
Send email from the command line
MORE
Display output, one screen at a time
PAUSE
Suspend processing of a batch file and display a message 内部命令
PROMPT
Change the command prompt 内部命令
REM
Record comments (remarks) in a batch file 内部命令
RUN
Start | RUN commands
RUNAS
Execute a program under a different user account
SET
Display, set, or remove session environment variables 内部命令
SETLOCAL
Control the visibility of environment variables 内部命令
SETX
Set environment variables
SORT
Sort input
SHIFT
Shift the position of batch file parameters 内部命令
SLEEP
Wait for x seconds
START
Start a program, command or batch file 内部命令
TIMEOUT
Delay processing of a batch file
TITLE
Set the window title for a CMD.EXE session 内部命令
WAITFOR
Wait for or send a signal
WMIC
WMI Commands
::
Comment / Remark 内部命令
Disk Management
BCDBOOT
Create or repair a system partition
BCDEDIT
Manage Boot Configuration Data
CONVERT
Convert a FAT drive to NTFS
CHKDSK
Check Disk - check and repair disk problems
CHKNTFS
Check the NTFS file system
DEFRAG
Defragment hard drive
DISKPART
Disk Administration
DISKSHADOW
Volume Shadow Copy Service
DriverQuery
Display installed device drivers
FORMAT
Format a disk
FREEDISK
Check free disk space (in bytes)
LABEL
Edit a disk label
MOUNTVOL
Manage a volume mount point
NTBACKUP
Backup folders to tape
SFC
System File Checker
VOL
Display a disk label 内部命令
Files and Folders
ASSOC
Change file extension associations 内部命令
ASSOCIAT
One step file association
ATTRIB
Change file attributes
BITSADMIN
Background Intelligent Transfer Service
CACLS
Change file permissions
CD
Change Directory - move to a specific Folder 内部命令
CIPHER
Encrypt or Decrypt files/folders
COMP
Compare the contents of two files or sets of files
COMPACT
Compress files or folders on an NTFS partition
COMPRESS
Compress individual files on an NTFS partition
COPY
Copy one or more files to another location 内部命令
CSCcmd
Client-side caching (Offline Files)
DEL
Delete one or more files 内部命令
DELTREE
Delete a folder and all subfolders
DIR
Display a list of files and folders 内部命令
ERASE
Delete one or more files 内部命令
EXPAND
Uncompress files
EXTRACT
Uncompress CAB files
FC
Compare two files
FIND
Search for a text string in a file
FINDSTR
Search for strings in files
FORFILES
Batch process multiple files
FSUTIL
File and Volume utilities
FTP
File Transfer Protocol
FTYPE
File extension file type associations 内部命令
iCACLS
Change file and folder permissions
MD
Create new folders 内部命令
MOVE
Move files from one folder to another 内部命令
MKLINK
Create a symbolic link (linkd)
OPENFILES
Query or display open files
POPD
Return to a previous directory saved by PUSHD 内部命令
PsFile
Show files opened remotely
PUSHD
Save and then change the current directory 内部命令
RECOVER
Recover a damaged file from a defective disk
REN
Rename a file or files 内部命令
REPLACE
Replace or update one file with another
RD
Delete folder(s) 内部命令
RMTSHARE
Share a folder or a printer
ROBOCOPY
Robust File and Folder Copy
SHARE
List or edit a file share or print share
SHORTCUT
Create a windows shortcut (.LNK file)
SUBINACL
Edit file and folder Permissions, Ownership and Domain
TAKEOWN
Take ownership of a file
TOUCH
Change file timestamps
TREE
Graphical display of folder structure
TYPE
Display the contents of a text file 内部命令
WHERE
Locate and display files in a directory tree
WINDIFF
Compare the contents of two files or sets of files
XCACLS
Change file and folder permissions
XCOPY
Copy files and folders
Group Policy/Windows Installer
DevCon
Device Manager Command Line Utility
GPRESULT
Display Resultant Set of Policy information
GPUPDATE
Update Group Policy settings
MSIEXEC
Microsoft Windows Installer
PsInfo
List information about a system
PsShutdown
Shutdown or reboot a computer
REGSVR32
Register or unregister a DLL
SHUTDOWN
Shutdown the computer
SLMGR
Software Licensing Management (Vista/2008)
WUAUCLT
Windows Update
Networking
ARP
Address Resolution Protocol
BROWSTAT
Get domain, browser and PDC info
DNSSTAT
DNS Statistics
GETMAC
Display the Media Access Control (MAC) address
IPCONFIG
Configure IP
NET
Manage network resources
NETDOM
Domain Manager
NETSH
Configure Network Interfaces, Windows Firewall & Remote access
NBTSTAT
Display networking statistics (NetBIOS over TCP/IP)
NETSTAT
Display networking statistics (TCP/IP)
NMBIND
Manage Hyper-V network bindings
NSLOOKUP
Name server lookup
PATHPING
Trace route plus network latency and packet loss
PsPing
Measure network performance
PING
Test a network connection
ROUTE
Manipulate network routing tables
TRACERT
Trace route to a remote host
Processes
PATH
Display or set a search path for executable files 内部命令
PsExec
Execute process remotely
PsKill
Kill processes by name or process ID
PsList
List detailed information about processes
PsGetSid
Display the SID of a computer or a user
PsSuspend
Suspend processes
SCHTASKS
Schedule a command to run at a specific time
SYSMON
Monitor and log system activity to the Windows event log
TASKLIST
List running applications and services
TASKKILL
End a running process
TSKILL
End a running process
TLIST
Task list with full path
Printing
MODE
Configure a system device
PRINT
Print a text file
PRINTBRM
Print queue Backup/Recovery
RUNDLL32
Run a DLL command (add/remove print connections)
Recovery
BOOTREC
Repair or replace a partition boot sector (WinRE).
BCDBOOT
Create or repair a system partition.
BCDEDIT
Manage Boot Configuration Data.
WPEUTIL
Run commands during a Windows Preinstallation Environment (WinPE) session.
Registry
REG
Registry: Read, Set, Export, Delete keys and values
REGEDIT
Import or export registry settings
REGINI
Change Registry Permissions
Remote Desktop
CHANGE
Change Terminal Server Session properties
Query Process
Display processes (TS/Remote Desktop)
Query Session
Display all sessions (TS/Remote Desktop)
Query TermServer
List all servers (TS/Remote Desktop)
Query User
Display user sessions (TS/Remote Desktop)
MSTSC
Terminal Server Connection (Remote Desktop Protocol)
RASDIAL
Manage RAS connections
RASPHONE
Manage RAS connections
Reset Session
Delete a Remote Desktop Session
TSDISCON
Disconnect a Remote Desktop Session
WINRM
Windows Remote Management
WINRS
Windows Remote Shell
Services
CASPOL
Code Access Security Policy Tool.
PORTQRY
Display the status of ports and services
PsService
View and control services
SC
Service Control
System Information
CHANGEPK
Upgrade device Edition/Product Key
DATE
Display or set the date 内部命令
HELP
Online Help
LOGMAN
Manage Performance Monitor logs
MBSAcli
Baseline Security Analyzer
MSINFO32
System Information
NOW
Display the current Date and Time
NTRIGHTS
Edit user account rights
PsLogList
Event log records
SFC
System File Checker
SXSTRACE
Diagnose side-by-side problems.
SYSMON
Monitor and log system activity to the Windows event log
SYSTEMINFO
List system configuration
TIME
Display or set the system time 内部命令
TypePerf
Write performance data to a log file
VER
Display version information 内部命令
VERIFY
Verify that files have been saved 内部命令
WHOAMI
Output the current UserName and domain
User Administration
ADDUSERS
Add or list users to/from a CSV file
CERTREQ
Request certificate from a certification authority
CleanMgr
Automated cleanup of Temp files, recycle bin
CON2PRT
Connect or disconnect a Printer
CMDKEY
Manage stored usernames/passwords
DELPROF
Delete user profiles
DIRUSE
Display disk usage
LOGOFF
Log a user off
MOVEUSER
Move a user from one domain to another
MSG
Send a message
PERMS
Show permissions for a user
POWERCFG
Configure power settings
PsLoggedOn
Who's logged on (locally or via resource sharing)
PsPasswd
Change account password
SUBST
Associate a path with a drive letter
Commands marked • are Internal commands only available within the CMD shell.
All other commands (not marked with •) are external commands.
External commands may be used under the CMD shell, PowerShell, or directly from START-RUN.
参考资料与拓展阅读
Bash Linux 命令行
2018-01-11
我写 Shell 脚本一般都是用 bash 执行,一般我会在头部插入 set -xue
命令, 助记:蛇血。
那么这个命令的作用是什么呢?
set 是 bash 提供的一个命令,用来管理 bash 的一些行为。
x
: 在执行命令前,输出所有命令,包括参数。
u
: 遇到未定义变量时,报错。
e
: 如果遇到错误,程序退出。
其他更多参数,参考:set --help
或 help set
。
Linux 命令行 终端
2016-05-13
在命令行中输出颜色文字。