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单文件启动 Django 应用

代码

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os
import sys

import django
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls import include, url
from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.utils.crypto import get_random_string

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(__file__)

#################### UTILS ####################

def get_client_ip(request):
    x_forwarded_for = request.META.get('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR')
    if x_forwarded_for:
        return x_forwarded_for.split(',')[0]
    return request.META.get('REMOTE_ADDR')

def secret_key():
    _file_name = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, '.secret_key')
    if os.path.isfile(_file_name):
        with open(_file_name, 'r') as f:
            return f.read(50)
    chars = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789!@#$%^&*(-_=+)'
    key = get_random_string(50, chars)
    with open(_file_name, 'w') as f:
        f.write(key)
    return key

#################### DJANGO ###################

class URLConf(object):
    @property
    def urlpatterns(self):
        from django.contrib import admin
        urls = [
            url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
            url(r'^$', index),
        ]
        if django.VERSION[0] < 2 and django.VERSION[1] < 10:
            # django < 1.10 的写法
            from django.conf.urls import patterns
            return patterns('', *urls)
        return urls

SETTINGS = {
    'BASE_DIR': BASE_DIR,
    'SECRET_KEY': secret_key(),
    'DEBUG': True,
    'ALLOWED_HOSTS': ['localhost', '172.16.0.49'],
    'INSTALLED_APPS': (
        'django.contrib.admin',
        'django.contrib.auth',
        'django.contrib.contenttypes',
        'django.contrib.sessions',
        'django.contrib.messages',
        'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    ),
    'MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES': (
        'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
        'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
        'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
        'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
        'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    ),
    'TEMPLATES': [
        {
            'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
            'DIRS': [],
            'APP_DIRS': True,
            'OPTIONS': {
                'context_processors': [
                    'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                    'django.template.context_processors.request',
                    'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                    'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
                ],
            },
        },
    ],
    'AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS': [
        {'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator'},
        {'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator'},
        {'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator'},
        {'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator'},
    ],
    'ROOT_URLCONF': URLConf(),
    # 测试环境下使用,如果为 None,自动调 get_wsgi_application 获得 application
    'WSGI_APPLICATION': None,
    'DATABASES': {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
            'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
        }
    },
    'LANGUAGE_CODE': 'zh-hans',  # en-us
    'TIME_ZONE': 'Asia/Shanghai',  # UTC
    'USE_I18N': True,
    'USE_L10N': True,
    'USE_TZ': True,
    'STATIC_URL': '/static/',
}

if not settings.configured:
    settings.configure(**SETTINGS)

django.setup()

application = get_wsgi_application()

#################### VIEWS ####################

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse('hello world (%s)\n' % get_client_ip(request))

###############################################

if __name__ == '__main__':
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

测试

mkdir /tmp/djangotest
cd /tmp/djangotest
touch main.py
# wget https://www.markjour.com/media/attach/django-in-single-file.py -O main.py

python2 -m pip install virtualenv
virtualenv venv
source venv/bin/activate

pip install "django<2" # 1.11.29

python main.py migrate
python main.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

deactivate